First Black Graduate at Lebanon Valley College Opened New Doors in 1902
Alfred Charles Sumner made history in 1902 when he graduated from Lebanon Valley College (LVC). He was the first Black student to earn a degree from the school. Sumner’s accomplishment opened doors for many others to follow.
He traveled all the way from Sierra Leone, West Africa, to study at the college in Annville, Pennsylvania. His hard work, strong values, and public speaking skills made a lasting impact on the campus and beyond.
From Sierra Leone to Annville: A Mission-Driven Journey
Sumner was born in 1874 in Bonthe, Sherbo, West Africa. He was raised by missionaries from the United Brethren Church, which had a strong presence in Sierra Leone. His parents were among the first children educated by the church.
After finishing school at Rufus Clarke Training School in 1894, Sumner taught for two years. In 1898, he left Africa to pursue higher education in America, driven by a desire to serve both God and his people.
Life on Campus: Scholar, Speaker, and Leader
Although LVC never officially banned Black students, Sumner was likely the first student of color on campus. He was quickly admired for his intellect and kindness. One college magazine praised his “genial and manly disposition.”
Sumner joined the school’s Glee Club and Philokosmian Literary Society. He also spoke at local churches and camps, sharing African culture and traditions with the Pennsylvania community. He became a bridge between two worlds.
Mission Over Medicine: A Change of Plans After Graduation
After graduating in 1902, Sumner planned to attend a Mission Training School in New York to study medicine. But his plans changed. When Rev. Ira Albert, a missionary in Sierra Leone, passed away later that year, Sumner volunteered to take his place.
He believed it was a clear call from God. He left Annville with tears in his eyes and returned to Africa to continue the missionary work that had shaped his life from the beginning.
Legacy of Language and Education in West Africa
Back in Sierra Leone, Sumner dedicated himself to both spiritual and educational work. He wrote grammar guides and dictionaries for local languages like Mende, Sherbo, and Temne. These books were used in schools across West Africa.
He stayed connected to his old college, sending letters and gifts, including a handmade couch cover to a former professor. Though he never returned to the U.S., he remained part of the LVC community from afar.
Passing the Torch: A Family of Scholars
Sumner died in 1943 at the age of 69. His legacy did not end there. His son, Doyle Sumner, followed in his father’s footsteps. Doyle studied at LVC from 1936 to 1938 and later became Sierra Leone’s Minister of Natural Resources.
Through education, mission work, and cultural pride, Alfred Sumner left a lasting mark on two continents. His life reminds us of the power of purpose and the value of learning.
